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Artificial Intelligence, Autonomous Systems & Interoperability

An assurance framework for bounded AI use, model evidence, autonomy, human authority and technical interfaces.

First Edition and supporting resources

Read the standard. Find the document for the task.

Each AF Standard has a defined technical scope and its own document collection. The original PDFs are available to view online or download from this page.

The standard

Requirements and applicability

Start with the First Edition for definitions, requirements, technical boundaries and the relationship between normative and informative content.

The supporting set

Practical implementation resources

Find policies, manuals, procedures, profiles, checklists and records by document code or subject. Supporting tools do not replace the standard.

Explore the document collection
Programme referenceAF 9600
StatusPublished
Document classAF Standard
EditionFirst Edition

AF 9600 — the technical framework.

AF 9600 establishes an assurance framework for AI, machine learning, autonomous functions and interoperability where these capabilities influence aerospace decisions, system behaviour or technical evidence. It focuses on bounded use, data and model evidence, operating limits, human authority, change and monitoring.

Why this subject matters

AI performance can depend on data coverage, rare scenarios, changing conditions and interaction with people and systems. Explicit boundaries connect model evidence with system-level safety, security and operational decisions.

Where the technical field applies.

The published framework can apply across aerospace lifecycle responsibilities, according to actual activity and scope.

  • AI/ML embedded in aerospace products
  • UAS and AAM autonomy
  • Autonomous navigation
  • Decision-support and mission-planning systems
  • AI-assisted inspection or maintenance
  • Adaptive functions
  • Multi-system autonomous interoperability

Application domains

Aerospace — cross-sectorAviationSpaceUAS & Advanced Air MobilityDefense Aerospace & Dual-Use

How AF 9600 is organized.

Intended use & boundaries

Defined use case, limits and unacceptable application.

Operating domain

Conditions under which performance claims apply.

Dataset lineage

Provenance, labelling, representativeness and gaps.

Model evaluation

Scenario coverage, rare conditions and failure analysis.

Human authority

Practical intervention and allocation of decisions.

Robustness & off-domain behaviour

Degraded, adversarial and unfamiliar inputs.

Monitoring & change

Drift, updates, adaptation and re-evaluation.

Fallback & recovery

Safe states, rollback and continuity.

Engineering evidence & interoperability

AI-produced technical evidence and compatible system exchange.

The standard and its supporting documents.

Read AF 9600 for the technical requirements and application boundaries. Use the supporting policies, manuals, procedures, profiles and records for the relevant implementation task.

AF9600FIRST EDITION
Published standard · PDF

Artificial Intelligence, Autonomous Systems & Interoperability

An assurance framework for bounded AI use, model evidence, autonomy, human authority and technical interfaces.

Edition
First Edition
Extent
65 pages
Language
English
Supporting set
152 documents
Download standard

Document collection

Continue with 153 PDFs in 12 groups: policies, manuals, procedures, technical profiles and practical records alongside the controlling standard.

AF 9600 · First Edition. Supporting documents identify their own edition and scope. Implementation tools do not replace the controlling standard; completed forms and checklists are not independent approvals.

153 documents in the collection

View online or download the original PDF
Standard1
AF 9600

Artificial Intelligence, Autonomous Systems & Interoperability

First Edition

65 pagesPDF · 752 KB
Foundation2
AF-CM-9600-001

Standard-to-Document Coverage Matrix

First Edition

37 pagesPDF · 572 KB
AF-ML-9600-001

Master Document List

First Edition

14 pagesPDF · 528 KB
Policies5
AF-PL-9600-001

Accountable AI and Bounded Autonomy

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 504 KB
AF-PL-9600-002

Data Integrity and Learning Assurance

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 504 KB
AF-PL-9600-003

Interoperability and Shared Meaning

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 504 KB
AF-PL-9600-004

Effective Human Oversight and Runtime Protection

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 504 KB
AF-PL-9600-005

Continuing Assurance and Responsible Claims

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 504 KB
Manuals4
AF-DM-9600-001

AI Development and Learning Assurance Manual

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 502 KB
AF-HB-9600-001

Interoperability and Distributed-System Assurance Handbook

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 501 KB
AF-HB-9600-002

Aerospace AI and Autonomy Integration Handbook

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 500 KB
AF-OM-9600-001

Autonomous Operations, Monitoring and Recovery Manual

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 502 KB
Companions3
AF-FAQ-9600-001

Interpretation Questions and Boundary Cases

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 503 KB
AF-IG-9600-001

Implementation Guide

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 502 KB
AF-TR-9600-001

Quantitative Methods and Worked Calculations

First Edition

6 pagesPDF · 528 KB
Procedures30
AF-PR-9600-001

Scope, Purpose and Authority Allocation

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 500 KB
AF-PR-9600-002

Operational Domain and Boundary Control

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 500 KB
AF-PR-9600-003

Integrated Risk and Consequence Assessment

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 500 KB
AF-PR-9600-004

Requirements, Architecture and Runtime Protection

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 500 KB
AF-PR-9600-005

Lifecycle Gates and Independent Review

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 500 KB
AF-PR-9600-006

Data Acquisition, Provenance and Permitted Use

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 500 KB
AF-PR-9600-007

Annotation, Reference Truth and Data Quality

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 500 KB
AF-PR-9600-008

Dataset Partitioning, Representation and Leakage

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 500 KB
AF-PR-9600-009

Model Development, Training and Selection

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 500 KB
AF-PR-9600-010

Evaluation, Statistics and Calibration

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 500 KB
AF-PR-9600-011

Robustness, Unsupported Inputs and Abstention

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 500 KB
AF-PR-9600-012

Adaptive Learning and Candidate Promotion

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 500 KB
AF-PR-9600-013

Generative and Agentic Workflow Control

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 500 KB
AF-PR-9600-014

Perception, Fusion and State Integrity

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 500 KB
AF-PR-9600-015

Planning, Control and Constraint Preservation

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 500 KB
AF-PR-9600-016

Multi-Agent Coordination and Partition Recovery

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 500 KB
AF-PR-9600-017

Human Oversight, Handover and Competence

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 500 KB
AF-PR-9600-018

Interoperability Contract and Joint Acceptance

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 500 KB
AF-PR-9600-019

Semantic, Spatial and Temporal Validation

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 500 KB
AF-PR-9600-020

Protocol, Command State and Service Quality

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 500 KB
AF-PR-9600-021

Cross-Domain Trust and Security Assurance

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 500 KB
AF-PR-9600-022

Supplier, Tool, Build and Configuration Assurance

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 500 KB
AF-PR-9600-023

Simulation, Digital Twin and Formal Evidence

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 500 KB
AF-PR-9600-024

Integrated Verification and Operational Validation

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 500 KB
AF-PR-9600-025

Aerospace Context and Operational Integration

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 500 KB
AF-PR-9600-026

Deployment, Staged Authority and Updates

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 500 KB
AF-PR-9600-027

Monitoring, Drift and Outcome Interpretation

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 500 KB
AF-PR-9600-028

Incident, Fallback and State Reconciliation

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 500 KB
AF-PR-9600-029

Release, Change, Continuing Use and Retirement

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 500 KB
AF-PR-9600-030

Assurance Review, Records and Local Adoption

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 500 KB
Technical profiles18
AF-TP-9600-001

Common AI, Autonomy and Interoperability Parameters

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 506 KB
AF-TP-9600-002

Data, Annotation and Evaluation Populations

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 506 KB
AF-TP-9600-003

Fixed Model and Learning Pipeline

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 506 KB
AF-TP-9600-004

Adaptive and Online-Learning Functions

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 506 KB
AF-TP-9600-005

Generative and Agentic Workflows

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 506 KB
AF-TP-9600-006

Perception, Fusion and State Estimation

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 506 KB
AF-TP-9600-007

Planning and Closed-Loop Control

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 506 KB
AF-TP-9600-008

Runtime Assurance and Sustainable Fallback

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 506 KB
AF-TP-9600-009

Multi-Agent and Distributed Autonomy

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 506 KB
AF-TP-9600-010

Human Oversight and Control Transfer

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 506 KB
AF-TP-9600-011

Interoperability and Semantic Contracts

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 506 KB
AF-TP-9600-012

Protocols and Distributed Command State

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 506 KB
AF-TP-9600-013

Trust, Suppliers and Controlled Artifacts

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 506 KB
AF-TP-9600-014

Simulation and Integrated Evaluation

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 506 KB
AF-TP-9600-015

Aviation and Air-Ground AI Integration

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 506 KB
AF-TP-9600-016

Space and Remote-Mission Autonomy

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 506 KB
AF-TP-9600-017

Industrial Robotics and Ground-Service AI

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 506 KB
AF-TP-9600-018

Continuing Operations, Release and Legacy Use

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 506 KB
Checklists24
AF-CL-9600-001

Scope, Purpose and Authority

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 514 KB
AF-CL-9600-002

Operational Domain and Boundaries

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 514 KB
AF-CL-9600-003

Integrated Risk and Control Interactions

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 514 KB
AF-CL-9600-004

Requirements, Architecture and Runtime Assurance

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 514 KB
AF-CL-9600-005

Lifecycle Gates and Independent Evidence

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 514 KB
AF-CL-9600-006

Data Provenance, Reference Truth and Quality

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 514 KB
AF-CL-9600-007

Partitions, Representation and Leakage

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 514 KB
AF-CL-9600-008

Training, Model Selection and Artifact Identity

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 514 KB
AF-CL-9600-009

Evaluation, Statistics and Calibration

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 514 KB
AF-CL-9600-010

Robustness and Unsupported Inputs

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 514 KB
AF-CL-9600-011

Adaptive Learning and Promotion

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 514 KB
AF-CL-9600-012

Generative and Agentic Workflows

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 514 KB
AF-CL-9600-013

Perception, Fusion and State Integrity

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 514 KB
AF-CL-9600-014

Planning and Closed-Loop Control

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 514 KB
AF-CL-9600-015

Multi-Agent Coordination

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 514 KB
AF-CL-9600-016

Human Oversight and Handover

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 514 KB
AF-CL-9600-017

Interoperability Contracts and Joint Acceptance

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 514 KB
AF-CL-9600-018

Semantics, Frames, Units and Time

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 514 KB
AF-CL-9600-019

Protocols and Distributed State

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 514 KB
AF-CL-9600-020

Trust, Supply, Tools and Configuration

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 514 KB
AF-CL-9600-021

Simulation and Integrated Validation

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 514 KB
AF-CL-9600-022

Aerospace Application Integration

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 514 KB
AF-CL-9600-023

Deployment, Updates, Monitoring and Drift

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 514 KB
AF-CL-9600-024

Recovery, Release and Continuing Assurance

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 514 KB
Forms30
AF-FR-9600-001

Scope, Purpose and Authority Allocation Record

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 503 KB
AF-FR-9600-002

Operational Domain and Boundary Control Record

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 503 KB
AF-FR-9600-003

Integrated Risk and Consequence Assessment Record

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 503 KB
AF-FR-9600-004

Requirements, Architecture and Runtime Protection Record

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 503 KB
AF-FR-9600-005

Lifecycle Gates and Independent Review Record

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 503 KB
AF-FR-9600-006

Data Acquisition, Provenance and Permitted Use Record

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 503 KB
AF-FR-9600-007

Annotation, Reference Truth and Data Quality Record

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 503 KB
AF-FR-9600-008

Dataset Partitioning, Representation and Leakage Record

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 503 KB
AF-FR-9600-009

Model Development, Training and Selection Record

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 503 KB
AF-FR-9600-010

Evaluation, Statistics and Calibration Record

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 503 KB
AF-FR-9600-011

Robustness, Unsupported Inputs and Abstention Record

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 503 KB
AF-FR-9600-012

Adaptive Learning and Candidate Promotion Record

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 503 KB
AF-FR-9600-013

Generative and Agentic Workflow Control Record

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 503 KB
AF-FR-9600-014

Perception, Fusion and State Integrity Record

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 503 KB
AF-FR-9600-015

Planning, Control and Constraint Preservation Record

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 503 KB
AF-FR-9600-016

Multi-Agent Coordination and Partition Recovery Record

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 503 KB
AF-FR-9600-017

Human Oversight, Handover and Competence Record

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 503 KB
AF-FR-9600-018

Interoperability Contract and Joint Acceptance Record

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 503 KB
AF-FR-9600-019

Semantic, Spatial and Temporal Validation Record

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 503 KB
AF-FR-9600-020

Protocol, Command State and Service Quality Record

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 503 KB
AF-FR-9600-021

Cross-Domain Trust and Security Assurance Record

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 503 KB
AF-FR-9600-022

Supplier, Tool, Build and Configuration Assurance Record

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 503 KB
AF-FR-9600-023

Simulation, Digital Twin and Formal Evidence Record

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 503 KB
AF-FR-9600-024

Integrated Verification and Operational Validation Record

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 503 KB
AF-FR-9600-025

Aerospace Context and Operational Integration Record

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 503 KB
AF-FR-9600-026

Deployment, Staged Authority and Updates Record

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 503 KB
AF-FR-9600-027

Monitoring, Drift and Outcome Interpretation Record

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 503 KB
AF-FR-9600-028

Incident, Fallback and State Reconciliation Record

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 503 KB
AF-FR-9600-029

Release, Change, Continuing Use and Retirement Record

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 503 KB
AF-FR-9600-030

Assurance Review, Records and Local Adoption Record

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 503 KB
Registers15
AF-RG-9600-001

Functions, Assets and Authority

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 510 KB
AF-RG-9600-002

Operational Domains and Boundary Restrictions

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 510 KB
AF-RG-9600-003

Datasets, References and Partitions

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 510 KB
AF-RG-9600-004

Models, Candidates and Active Learned State

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 510 KB
AF-RG-9600-005

Requirements, Allocations and Evidence

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 510 KB
AF-RG-9600-006

Scenarios, Controls and Residual Exposure

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 510 KB
AF-RG-9600-007

Interface Contracts and Semantic Baselines

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 510 KB
AF-RG-9600-008

Compatibility Combinations and Joint Results

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 510 KB
AF-RG-9600-009

Findings, Anomalies and Evidence Gaps

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 510 KB
AF-RG-9600-010

Changes, Provider Updates and Effectivity

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 510 KB
AF-RG-9600-011

Deployments, Authority Stages and Targets

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 510 KB
AF-RG-9600-012

Monitoring Signals and Incidents

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 510 KB
AF-RG-9600-013

Exceptions, Legacy Use and Restrictions

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 510 KB
AF-RG-9600-014

Assurance Claims and Release Decisions

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 510 KB
AF-RG-9600-015

Retirement, Disposition and Retained Records

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 510 KB
Schedules7
AF-SC-9600-001

Lifecycle Gates and Independent Reviews

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 510 KB
AF-SC-9600-002

Data Quality, Reference and Population Reviews

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 510 KB
AF-SC-9600-003

Model, Robustness and Human-Performance Evaluation

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 510 KB
AF-SC-9600-004

Interoperability and Partner Compatibility Reviews

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 511 KB
AF-SC-9600-005

Deployment, Updates and Drift Review

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 511 KB
AF-SC-9600-006

Fallback, Incident and Recovery Exercises

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 511 KB
AF-SC-9600-007

Assurance, Support Exit and Retirement

First Edition

3 pagesPDF · 510 KB
Work instructions14
AF-WI-9600-001

Verify Function, Model and Authority Identity

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 504 KB
AF-WI-9600-002

Capture Data Origin and Transformation Lineage

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 504 KB
AF-WI-9600-003

Check Dataset Separation and Leakage

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 504 KB
AF-WI-9600-004

Record Training Candidate and Artifact Baseline

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 504 KB
AF-WI-9600-005

Capture a Valid Evaluation Result

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 504 KB
AF-WI-9600-006

Check Domain Membership and Protective Readiness

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 504 KB
AF-WI-9600-007

Execute and Verify a Human Control Handover

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 504 KB
AF-WI-9600-008

Validate Units, Frames and Data Age

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 504 KB
AF-WI-9600-009

Reconcile Command Execution After Interruption

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 504 KB
AF-WI-9600-010

Record a Paired Interoperability Test

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 504 KB
AF-WI-9600-011

Confirm Deployment and Active Authority

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 504 KB
AF-WI-9600-012

Triage a Drift Signal or Unsupported Outcome

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 504 KB
AF-WI-9600-013

Verify Recovery and Reconciled Effects

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 504 KB
AF-WI-9600-014

Close Retired Authority and Evidence Duties

First Edition

4 pagesPDF · 504 KB

Connected scope, separate requirements.

AF 9100:2026 provides the published organizational and lifecycle assurance foundation. AF 9600 addresses a distinct technical discipline with its own First Edition and supporting resources; conformity with one AF Standard does not automatically establish conformity with another.

Relevant Technical Committees.

These connections identify subject expertise relevant to the scope. Formal drafting and publication decisions follow separate technical review and approval processes.